The first wave of the pandemic was surprisingly well controlled in Greece due to the speedy government reaction, mobilized by the limited ICU capacity of the National Health System. The second wave was much harder to manage and contain, as it was very difficult to close-down the economy for a second time and to control the population mobility. Overall, factors such as the Greek climate, the geographical structure and the living conditions of the elderly part of the population, contributed in a positive way to the effects of the pandemic in Greece and led to a smaller number of Deaths per million population. However, the reluctance towards vaccination, especially in senior ages, increased the relevant mortality, while virus variants accelerated transmission.